docker-compose 使用

Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications.

Overview

使用docker-compose，能将多个不同的容器组合起来运行，方便地定义容器间的协作关系。

Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a YAML file to configure your application’s services. Then, with a single command, you create and start all the services from your configuration.

Compose works in all environments: production, staging, development, testing, as well as CI workflows.

Using Compose is basically a three-step process:

Define your app’s environment with a Dockerfile so it can be reproduced anywhere.

Define the services that make up your app in docker-compose.yml so they can be run together in an isolated environment.

Run docker-compose up and Compose starts and runs your entire app.

A docker-compose.yml looks like this:

version: '3'
services:
  web:
    build: .
    ports:
    - "5000:5000"
    volumes:
    - .:/code
    - logvolume01:/var/log
    links:
    - redis
  redis:
    image: redis
volumes:
  logvolume01: {}

Compose has commands for managing the whole lifecycle of your application:

• Start, stop, and rebuild services
• View the status of running services
• Stream the log output of running services
• Run a one-off command on a service

Example 示例

以本项目后台服务器的为例，

version: '3'

services:
  rest-api:
    image: dfeo/rest-api
    networks:
      - net
      - nginx-net
    volumes:
      - /root/mnt/easyorder/static:/go/src/app/static

  db:
    image: "mysql:5.7"
    volumes:
      - /root/mnt/easyorder/mysql/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
      - /root/mnt/easyorder/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
    networks:
      - net

networks:
  nginx-net:
    external: true
  net:
    ipam:
      driver: default
      config:
        -
          subnet: 172.18.0.0/16

该文件表明，

• 一共产生2个容器，rest-api和db，和1个网络net；并将一个已有的外部网络nginx-net加入进来。
• rest-api服务采用dfeo/rest-api镜像构建(Dockerhub地址)，在网络net和nginx-net中，并将容器内的/go/src/app/static目录挂载到/root/mnt/easyorder/static下
• db服务采用mysql:5.7镜像，在网络net中，挂载了数据目录和初始化目录，并设置了初始密码。
• nginx-net是外部网络，是nginx代理服务器所在的网络，用于反向代理服务器
• net是在172.18.0.0/16网段上的bridge网络，用于连通数据库和服务器，使服务器能够访问数据库服务。